課程資訊
課程名稱
空間分析
Spatial Analysis 
開課學期
112-1 
授課對象
文學院  人類學系  
授課教師
陳瑪玲 
課號
Anth5020 
課程識別碼
125 U2000 
班次
 
學分
3.0 
全/半年
半年 
必/選修
選修 
上課時間
星期二7,8,9(14:20~17:20) 
上課地點
水源人308 
備註
先修科目:考古學史或考古田野實習與方法。
總人數上限:10人 
 
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課程概述

空間是與其他社會文化現象或要素共同運作,尤其是與人的活動不可分,又依人的各種活動而有不同的抽象與具體實物的建構結果。在抽象層面上,可以是一社會關係(個人與個人、個人與群體、男與女等之關係)或各種的理念、認知等。抽象的空間概念受文化、社會面向等的形塑,並指引人的活動,同時安排這些活動而形成空間的形式或結構。而人們具體的活動所形成的空間結構,也形塑了物質在空間上的模式。舉凡聚落群在一特定區域所呈現的系統、單一聚落在一地點與其上的地形與資源的關係、聚落內的模式與形貌、單一建築結構、或物件散佈所呈現的形式等,都是實體面向的空間建構,其背後即蘊涵著抽象的空間建構與概念。考古學在形塑人類社會生活空間物質面向上的研究,在分析架構的操作與對象上可分為地景與聚落系統(Landscape and settlement system)、聚落模式與形貌(settlement pattern and configuration)、家戶(household)房舍或個別建築建構、以及活動區域(activity area)等四個不同的層次。這些層次雖有層級與次序之分,但此分析的層次與次序,在分析操作上仍會因著主題、目標與實際資料狀況而變化,甚而交錯互用。本課程將依這些層次與可能涉及的議題的運用,在考古學的發展上進行引介、爬梳與討論 

課程目標
考古學空間議題的分析與研究中的二層次,既是研究議題,亦是其他一些研究議題著手的方法論,本課程目的即在引介此二層次的分析發展、其中蘊含的基礎思維原則、實際研究操作的要點 
課程要求
課程要求:期中參考書目閱讀與口頭報告(20)、課中討論參與(10%)、學期中作業(20%、20%)、期末報告(30%) 
預期每週課後學習時數
8-10hr 
Office Hours
 
指定閱讀
Carr, Christopher
1984 The Nature of Organization of Intrasite Archeological Records and Spatial Analytic Approaches to Their Investigation. Advances in Archaeological Method and Theory 7:103-133, edited by Michael B. Schiffer . Acdemic Press, New York.
黃應貴
1995 導論,空間、力與社會 pp1-37,中央研究院民族所。

陳玉美
1995 夫妻、家屋與聚落:蘭嶼雅美族的空間觀念。黃應貴編,空間、力與社
會,中央研究院民族所,PP:133-167。
 
參考書目
空間分析基本理論與原則:
Carr, Christopher
1984 The Nature of Organization of Intrasite Archeological Records and Spatial Analytic Approaches to Their Investigation. Advances in Archaeological Method and Theory 7:103-133, edited by Michael B. Schiffer . Acdemic Press, New York.
黃應貴
1995 導論,空間、力與社會 pp1-37,中央研究院民族所。
陳玉美
1995 夫妻、家屋與聚落:蘭嶼雅美族的空間觀念。黃應貴編,空間、力與社
會,中央研究院民族所,PP:133-167。

研究設計、田野策略、與抽樣技術I
Redman, Charles L.
1973 Multistage Fieldwork and Analytical Techniques. American Antiquity 38(1): 61-79.
Redman, Charles L.
1987 Surface Collection, Sampling, and Research Design: A Retrospective.
American Antiquity 52(2): 249-265.
Thomas, David Hurst (Third edition)
1998 Chapter 4 in Archaeology. Harcourt Brace & Company, Florida.

研究設計、田野策略、與抽樣技術II
Lightfood, Kent G.
1987 Regional Surveys in the Eastern United States: The Strengths and Weakness if Implementing Subsurface Testing Programs. American Antiquity 51(3): 484-504.
Peterson, Christian E. and Robert D. Drennan
2005 Communities, Settlements, Sites, and Survey: Regional-Scale Analysis of Prehistoric Human Interaction. American Antiquity 70(1): 5-30.
陳瑪玲
2002 遺址內部空間分析--船帆石遺址。國立臺彎大學考古人類學刊 58:36-58
2005 Saqacengalj聚落形態與形貌—一個舊社的考古學研究。國立臺彎大學考古人類學刊 63

形成過程與後沈積過程的效應:
Barton, C.M. and G.A. Clark
1993 Cultural and Natural Formation Processes in Late Quaternary Cave and Rockshelter Sites of Western Europe and the Near East. In Formation Processes in Archaeological Context, ed. by P. Goldberg, D.T. Nash, and M.D. Petraglia, pp33-52. Prehistory Press, Madison.
Dibble, Harold L., Philip G. Chase, Shannon P. McPherron, and Alain Tuffreau
1997 Testing the Reality of a “Living Floor” with Archaeological Data. American
Antiquity 62(4): 629-651.
*Lewis, R. Barry
2000 Sea-Level Rise and Subsidence Effects on Guld Coast Archaeological Site Distributions, American Antiquity 65(3): 525-541.
*Water, Michael R. and David D. Kvehn
1996 The Geoarchaeology of Places: the Effect of Geological Processes on the
Preservation and Interpretation of the Archaeological Record. American
Antiquity. 61(3):483-498.

形成過程與民族考古學資料、空間分析:
Binford, Lewis R, M.G.L. Mills, and Nancy M. Stone
1988 Hyena Scavenging Behavior and Its Implications for the Interpretation of Faunal Assemblages from FLK 22 (the Zinj Floor) at Olduvia Groge. Journal of Anthropological Archeology 7:99-135.
*Deal, Michael
1985 Household Pottery Disposal in the Maya Highlands: an Ethnoarchaeological Interpretation. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 4: 243-291.
Hayden, Brian, and A. Cannon
1983 Where the Garbage Goes: Refuse Disposal in the Maya Highlands. Journal of Anthropology Archaeology 2(2): 117-163.
Stevenson, M.
1982 Toward An Understanding of Site Abandonment Behavior. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 1(3): 237-265.

活動區域層次I/岩蔭類型(Activity Area/Rock Shelter, closed site)分析:
Lavachery, Philippe and Els Cornelissen
2000 Natural and Cultural Spatial Patterning in the Lake Holocene Deposits of
Shum Laka Rock Shelter, Cameroon. Journal of Field Archaeology
27(2): 153-168.
Parnell, J. Jacob and Richard E. Terry
2002 Soil Chemical Analysis Applied as an Interpretive Tool for Ancient Human Activities in Piedras Negras, Guatemala. Journal of Archaeological Science 29: 379-404.
Wells, E. Christian, Terry, E. Richard et al.
2000 Chemical Analyses of Ancient Anthrosols in Residential Areas at Piedras Negras, Guatemala. Journal of Archaeological Science 27:449-462.

活動區域層次II/開放式
Siegal, Peter E. and Peter G.Roe
1985 Shipibo Archaeo-Ethnography: Site Formation Processes and Archaeological Interpretation. World Archaeology 18(1):96-115.
Simek, Jan F., and Roy R. Larick
1984 The Recognition of Multiple Spatial Patterns: A Case Study from the
French Paleolithic. Journal of Archaeological Science 10:165-180.
Simek, Jan F.
1987 Spatial Order and Behavioral Change in the French Paleolithic. Antiquity. 61(321): 25-40.


房舍結構:
Ciolek-Torrello, Richard
1984 An Alternative Model of Room Function at Grasshopper Pueolo, Arizona. Intrasite Spatial analysis in Archaeology edited by Harold J. Hietala, pp.127-153. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (1985 A Typology of Room Function at Grasshopper Pueblo, Arizona. Journal of Field Archaeology 12(1): 41-63.)
Kahn, Jennifer
2003 Maohi Social Organization at the Micro-Scale: Household Archaeology in the ‘Opunohu Valley, Mo’orea, Society Islands (French Polynesia). Pacific Archaeology: Assessments and Prospects (2003): 353-367
Metcalf, D. and K.M. Heath
1990 Microrefuse and Site Structure: the Hearths and Floors of the Heartbreak Hotel. American Antiquity 55(4): 781-796.

社區、聚落形貌層次:
Chang, K.C.
1958 Study of the Neolithic Social Grouping-- Example from the New World. American Anthropologist 60 :298-334。
Lowell, Julie C.
1987 The Social Use of Space at Turkey Creek Pueblo: An Architectural Analysis. The Kiva 53(2): 85-100.
Hodder, Ian and Craig Cessford
2004 Daily Practice and Social Memory at Catalhoyuk. American Antiquity 69(1): 17-40.
陳瑪玲
2005 Saqacengalj聚落形態與形貌—一個舊社的考古學研究。國立臺彎大學考古人類學刊 63

聚落模式、系統與生業體系:
劉亭攸
2013 地理資訊系統在集域分析及地景空間的應用:以鵝鑾鼻第三?四文化相遺址為例。國立臺彎大學考古人類學刊 79(47-70)。
Binford, L.
1980 Willow Smoke and Dogs’ Tails:Hunter-Gatherer Settlement Systems and Archaeological Site Formation. American Antiquity 45(1): 4-20
Wells, E. Christian, Glen E. Rice, and John C. Ravesloot
2004 Peopling Landscape Between Villages in the Middle Gila River of Central Arizona, American Antiquity 69(4): 627-652

聚落模式、系統與社會政治體系:
*吳牧錞
2013 聚落空間與社會鄰群:電子運算考古學在排灣高士舊社Saqacengalj的運用。國立臺彎大學考古人類學刊 79(71-104)。
Oetelaar, Gerld A.
1993 Identifying Site Structure in the Archaeological Record: an Illinois
Mississippian Example. American Antiquity 58(4): 662-687
Stone, Tammy
2000 Prehistoric Community Integration in the Point of Pines Region of Arizona. Journal of Field Archaeology 27(2): 197-208.
Ferran Borrel and Miquel Molist
2014 Social Interaction at the End of the Pre-Po? ery Neolith ic B:an Inter-site Analysis in the Euphrates Valley. Cambridge Archaeological Journal 24: 215-232.

地景考古學分析:
Jones, Eric E.
2006 Using Viewshed Analysis to Explore Settlement Choice: A Case Study of the Onondaga Iroquois, American Antiquity, 71(3): 523-538.
Llobera, Marcos
1996 Exploring the Topography of Mind: GIS, social space and archaeology. Antiquity 70(269):612-622.
Van Dyke, Ruth M.
2004 Memory, Meaning, and Masonry: the Late Bonito Chacoan Landscape. American Antiquity 69(3): 413-431. 
評量方式
(僅供參考)
   
針對學生困難提供學生調整方式
 
上課形式
提供學生彈性出席課程方式
作業繳交方式
延長作業繳交期限, 學生與授課老師協議改以其他形式呈現
考試形式
延後期末考試日期(時間)
其他
由師生雙方議定
課程進度
週次
日期
單元主題
第1週
2023/09/05  課程簡介 
第2週
2023/09/12  考古學空間分析層面基本理論與原則(Principle and Theories of Spatial Analysis) 
第3週
2023/09/19  研究設計、田野策略、與抽樣技術I (Research Design, Fieldwork Strategy, and Sampling Technology) 
第4週
2023/09/26  形成過程與後沈積過程的效應(Post-depositional Effects) 
第5週
2023/10/03  形成過程與民族考古學資料、空間分析

期中作業ㄧ:研究設計、田野策略、與抽樣技術 
第6週
2023/10/10  國慶日 
第7週
2023/10/17  活動區域層次 (Activity Area Lvel)分析I-封閉式空間 (Rock Shelter, Closed area) 
第8週
2023/10/2  活動區域層次 (Activity Area Lvel)分析II-開放式空間(Open site)

(期中考週) 
第9週
2023/10/31  房舍層次(Room, Household Level)分析-房舍結構遺址(Settlement Analysis II: Site with House Structures) 
第10週
2023/11/07  社區、聚落形貌層次(Settlement Analysis Community & Settlement Configuration)I 
第11週
2023/11/14  社區、聚落形貌層次(Settlement Analysis ICommunity & Settlement Configuration)II 
第12週
2023/11/21  實習二:遺址內部空間分析 
第13週
2023/11/28  聚落模式、系統與生業體系(Settlement Pattern, System and Subsistence System) 
第14週
2023/12/05  聚落模式、系統與社會政治體系(Settlement Pattern, System, and Social or Political System) 
第15週
2023/12/12  地景考古學:off site、人與自然資源、人群的認知體系 
第16週
2023/12/19  期末報告
作業I&II報告&討論